Female Foeticide in India Essay Example for Free

Female Foeticide in India Essay Save the girl child, or Beti Bachao, Beti Bachao Andolan in Urdu, is a campaign in India to end the gender-selective abortion of female fetuses, which has skewed the population towards a significant under-representation of girls in some Indian states. The Beti Bachao campaign is supported by human rights groups, non-governmental organizations, and state and local government in India. Contents [hide] 1 Female foeticide 2 Beti Bachao awareness campaign 3 National support 4 Effectiveness 5 See also 6 References Female foeticide[edit] Further information: Female foeticide in India Sex-selective abortion, or female foeticide, has led to a sharp drop in the ratio of girls born in contrast to boy infants in some states in India. Ultrasound technology has made it possible for pregnant women and their families to learn the gender of a foetus early in a pregnancy. Discrimination against girl infants, for several reasons, has combined with the technology to result in a rise in abortions of fetuses identified as female during ultrasound testing. The trend was first noticed when results of the 1991 national census were released, and it was confirmed to be a worsening problem when results of the 2001 national census were released. The reduction in the female population of certain Indian states continues to worsen, as results of the 2011 national census have shown. It has been observed that the trend is most pronounced in relatively prosperous regions of India. [1] The dowry system in India is often blamed; the expectation that a large dowry must be provided for daughters in order for them to marry is frequently cited as a major cause for the problem. 2] Pressure for parents to provide large dowries for their daughters is most intense in prosperous states where high standards of living, and modern consumerism, are more prevalent in Indian society. Rates of female foeticide in Madhya Pradesh are increasing; the rate of live births was 932 girls per 1000 boys in 2001, which dropped to 912 by 2011. It is expected that if this trend continues, by 2021 the number of girls will drop below 900 per 1000 boys. 3] Beti Bachao awareness campaign[edit] Beti Bachao activities include large rallies, poster campaigns, wall paintings, billboards, and television commercials and short animations and video films. Celebrities such as video director Jagmeet Bal, and Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra, have become involved in Save the girl child initiatives. National support[edit] The Beti Bachao campaign is supported by numerous medical organizations in India, including the Indian Medical Association. 4] Government support at the state level has provided funding for Beti Bachao publicity activities in particular. The expenditures related to the campaign have been a source of political controversy in Madhya Pradesh, which launched its official Beti Bachao Abhiyan campaign in 2012. [5] Effectiveness[edit] The campaign has reported some success in parts of India. In 2009, it was reported that in Gujarat, rates of female births increased from 802 to 882 for every 1000 male births. Beti Bachao activities were credited with this improvement. [6]

A Government Conspiracy Essay -- Masonic Brotherhood Conspiracy

A Government Conspiracy To most a fairy tale, to some an interesting topic of discussion, however, to a small population, 5 % to be exact, Government conspiracy does exist. How, you might ask, do I intend to prove that indeed government conspiracy is real? I do not intend to prove it. In fact I only intend to inform you of its ever growing ploy of world domination, capitalism and control and open your mind to the idea that government conspiracy is out there. Throughout history as it is known to repeat itself, I will show facts that support this â€Å"theory† and dismiss the legendary lies we have been taught to believe through a system known as memetics. Looking back into the past, our four fathers first started the conspiracy of a new one world order through a secret society known as the Masonic Brotherhood. Before the Masons there was the Illuminati who introduced their ideas into the Masonic brotherhood before being disbanded in the 1780’s. However, the illuminati did not disband but simply went underground. There are several important members of the government involved in the New World Order according to Masonic records. Not only are government personnel involved but important figures in the media with high influence as well. From George Washington, Rockefeller Industries, and even the Federal Reserve. In American History, the story is written of a German U-boat sinking an American passenger ship named The Lusitania. The story tells of a warning issued and published in American papers on May 1, 1915 stating, "Travelers intending to embark on the Atlantic voyage are reminded that a state of war exists between Germany and her allies and Great Britain and her allies; that the zone of war includes the waters adjacent to th... ...reat publications whose directors have attended our meetings and respected their promises of discretion for almost forty years." "It would have been impossible for us to develop our plan for the world if we had been subjected to the lights of publicity during those years. But, the world is now more sophisticated and prepared to march towards a world government. The supranational sovereignty of an intellectual elite and world bankers is surely preferable to the national auto-determination practiced in past centuries." ( David Rockefeller Bilderbrger Meeting, Baden, Germany 1991) Works Cited ( David Rockefeller Bilderbrger Meeting, Baden, Germany 1991) (Dr Matthew Robinson 9/11: THREATS ABOUT AIRPLANES AS WEAPONS PRIOR TO 9/11 p1 WEB) ( Bailey and Ryan, pp. 50-51. WEB) ( T. Stokes â€Å"Who Really Sunk The Lusitania† Scribd.com pg1 WEB)

Is Math a Science Essay

Upon arriving at this topic, I had previously been asked a simple opinionated question, is math is a science, an art, or a philosophy. I thought to myself, well of course all three. Mathematics is for the most part (at least what people see) is a science; adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, differentiating, integrating, etc. These are all very well defined operations which, for the most part, have very algorithmic solution methods. The art comes in the proofs. Typically, when formulating a proof you’re not given anywhere to start and so, just like in art, practice makes perfect. Also, when writing theorems this process is completely in reverse and the amount of creativity required is staggering. Just try drawing a conclusion from a set of fragmented, typically unrelated information (this doesn’t even have to be math related). The philosophy comes from concepts of infinity and most of set theory. A lot of early mathematics (after the Dark Age) were, for the most part, philosophers. They were fascinated by how something so simple as mathematics could model something so abstract and complicated as nature, and yet could itself become as abstract as to not be visualize-able by humans (infinite, dimensions greater than 3, etc.) So it is all three, although rarely is it simultaneously all three. One of these usually dominates while working with math at any one time. But there have been points in history where all three of coincided and it is some of the most mind-boggling and beautiful work you’ll ever see. But it had got me thinking after taking this course that is math really a science, an art, or a philosophy, though for more thought out reasons. Having an art background and studying art history front and back, I came to the idea that mathematics and art go hand in hand. (And now knowing this, I have a stronger connection as to why math would be considered an art compared to a chemical engineer who would be more likely to lean towards a more scientifical view of mathematics). Math and art have quite a long, historical relationship. The ancient Egyptians and the ancient Greeks knew about the golden ration, regarded and an aesthetically pleasing ratio, and incorporated it into the design of monuments including the Great Pyramid, the Parthenon, and the Colosseum. There are many examples of artists who have been inspired by mathematics and have studied mathematics as a means of complementing their works. The Greek sculptor Polykleitos prescribed a series of mathematical proportions for carving the ideal male nude. Renaissance painters turned to mathematics and many, including Piero della Francesca, became accomplished mathematicians themselves. Even look at Galileo Galilei, he wrote that the universe is written in the language of mathematics, and that its characters are triangles, circles, and other geometric figures. On the other hand, mathematicians have sought to interpret and analyze art through the lens of geometry and rationality. All of this made me realize that this all had to do with algorithms. Algorithms had to fit into the mathematical relation with art which then got me to the concept of algorithmic art. Algorithmic art, also known as algorithm art, is visual art explicitly generated by an algorithm. It is a subset of generative art, and is practically always executed by a computer. If executed by a computer, it is also classed as computer-generated art; typically, this is usually categorized as digital art. Fractal art and equation art are both subsets of algorithmic art. For a work of art to be considered algorithmic art, its creation must include a process based on an algorithm devised by the artist. Here, an algorithm is simply a detailed recipe for the design and possibly execution of an artwork, which may include computer code, functions, expressions, or other input which ultimately determines the form the art will take. This input may be mathematical, computational, or generative in nature. Inasmuch as algorithms tend to be deterministic, meaning that their repeated execution would always result in the production of identical artworks, some external factor is usually introduced. This can either be a random number generator of some sort, or an external body of data (which, I found, can range from recorded heartbeats to frames of a movie.) Some artists also work with organically based gestural input which is then modified by an algorithm. By this definition, algorithmic art is not to be confused with graphical methods such as generating a fractal out of a fractal program; it is necessarily concerned with the human factor (one’s own algorithm, and not one that is pre-set in a package). The artist must be concerned with the most appropriate expression for their idea, just as a painter would be most concerned with the best application of colors. By this definition, defaulting to something like a fractal generator (and using it for all or most of your creations) would in essence be letting the computer dictate the form of the final work, and not truly be a creative art. The artist’s self-made algorithms are an integral part of the authorship, as well as being a medium through which their ideas are conveyed. Though, after delving into the fact that math is and can be very well classified as an art, I do strongly agree that math is a science because I think that math can be considered a science if you look at it from the right perspective. Let’s say you have a hypothesis (imagine you are Fermat or Pythagoras). How would you prove that you were right? You would do an experiment (the proof) and arrive at a conclusion. This is the scientific method, and it does fit how mathematics is done. Sometimes it takes a while to do enough experiments to prove your theory. For one, I still cannot think of mathematics as entirely a science; the two are fundamentally different in a very important aspect: in science we have to look at reality and then give explanations, usually enlisting the aid of mathematics as a coherent language in which to frame our explanations, but mathematics is done in many other situations beyond science. Pure mathematicians are sometimes proud to claim how useless their discoveries are. In science we experiment. We go into the â€Å"real world,† observe phenomena, go back to the drawing table, and try to explain these phenomena. Then we go back out to the world, see if we can predict a new phenomenon before it happens (when we can do that we usually say that we have discovered â€Å"a fundamental law of nature†), and either smugly rest for the day, or crawl back to the drawing table, slightly disappointed if our hypothesis did not work as we intended. This, in general, is what we call the â€Å"scientific method.† Mathematics is different. Though I do agree that mathematics is becoming an experimental discipline, particularly with the recent introduction of powerful calculating machines, it does not rely on these experiments in order to claim â€Å"Eureka! I have discovered a new truth!† Mathematics requires proof, and it’s very picky about what it considers proof to be. For a scientist, ten experiments with consistent results might constitute proof, â€Å"within experimental error.† For a mathematician, a googolplex of successful experiments is not enough proof. Instead, we rely on logic, and this thing we call â€Å"common sense,† fundamental logical rules we believe no one will dispute, very basic rules. Mathematics is very often inspired by nature, but it is a purely intellectual pursuit. It is just a bunch of ideas in our heads, like philosophy. Unlike most of philosophy, there is some â€Å"glue† to it all, some fundamental unity, something we call logic, reason, order. Pure abstract reasoning. That’s why I sometimes like to say that mathematics is applied philosophy. Philosophy under the influence of very specific rules. Then there’s the aesthetics of it. The capacity of mathematics to be an art. This is one of my favorite interpretations. The sheer simplistic beauty, the awe one can feel when one reads an entire proof and understands every aspect of it, when a surprising truth is found by unsurprising means; this is a very personal experience, I think. You really have to feel it in the flesh to understand it. That flash of understanding when a complex problem has been solved. That simple marvel of seeing many unrelated ideas congregates under a single roof o f logic and order. This is what spurs the most romantic of mathematicians to keep on trying to prove that ancient conjecture. Personally, as it turns out, I do not think that anyone will really know what math really is. There may be a myriad of ways of how math can be classified, whether it is an art, a science or a philosophy. There will always be opinions for and against each concept. But as for me, my heart solely believes that math can be absolutely any of the three concepts above. I feel that maybe there are many ignorant people who do not care enough to be open minded to the fact that mathematics may in fact be all three. Who knows, I may have an opinion that can be completely inaccurate, but it wouldn’t be an opinion if it could be proved wrong.

My Semester Of Learning For Msmit Degree At Sul Livan...

Courses I Am Taking This Quarter I am Pavan Nidamanuru. This is my first semester of learning for MSMIT degree at Sul-livan University. I have enrolled in two courses this Semester. First course is â€Å"CSC560X Elec-tronic Commerce and Intranet Developmentâ€Å", which is a fully online course being taught by Professor Dr. Emmanuel Amadi. This course mainly teaches about how businesses can be done over internet or online. Second course is â€Å"MGT510Z Managerial Communication Skillsâ€Å", which is a hybrid course being taught by Professor Dr. Mohamed Abualhaija. This course re-quires in-class presence 3 times during the semester. This course mainly teaches different strategies to enhance the communication skills of an individual. Hynes (2005) stated effective business communication is the key to planning, leading, organizing, and controlling the re-sources of the organizations to achieve objectives, and may be formal or informal in nature. Applying Learning from Course #1 to My Workplace Some of the ideas and techniques I learnt from ‘CSC560X Electronic Commerce and Intranet Development’ were applied to my Company ‘Kaagaz’. I would like to share one example here. I own a corporate gifting company by name ‘Kaagaz’ which is a startup, located in Bangalore city of India. It is a very small company which was known only to few locals 3 months back. As I started learning E-commerce course, I understood how important a website is for marketing a company. It is stated that the two main objectives

The Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln - 1928 Words

Abraham Lincoln was seen as two extremes, either a hero fighting for the end of a satanic institution, or as a tyrant seeking to divide and destroy a necessity of life. With the United States on the brink of a civil war, Lincoln took office in the hardest time imaginable, but no better man could have been President during this difficult time, both sides drastically tried to avoid war, but it was inevitable (Bredhoff). Lincoln is considered to be the best President as accomplishments go, with repairing the nation and ending slavery as a whole (Bruns). Lincoln outlined the similarities of both of sides of the conflict, saying â€Å"Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God†, as he also pointed out the differences, â€Å"It may seem strange†¦show more content†¦Historical Background Abraham Lincoln was raised in the Kentucky and Indiana back country, having no means of an easy early life. After his father, Thomas Lincoln, had issues of land where they lived in Kentucky, they was forced to reside in Indiana and survive off only hunting and miniscule farming (â€Å"Abraham Lincoln†). Lincoln had three siblings, all unbiological due to the death of his true siblings during the infancy state, and later his mother from â€Å"tremetol† at age 34, with young lincoln being only nine years old, isolating him from his father (â€Å"Abraham Lincoln†). When his father relocated his family once more, Lincoln stayed behind and began a career in manual labor, specifically with an ax due to his skill (Bruns). Lincoln would go on to teach himself the study of law, and joined John T. Stuart Law Firm in 1837 in Springfield, Illinois, and holding a seat in the House of Representatives for one term starting in 1847 (â€Å"Abraham Lincoln†). He moved back to Springfield and continued to practice law, especially for large firms as the railroad industry was beginning to make its way out towards the West (â€Å"Abraham Lincoln†). Lincoln would marry Mary Todd on November 4th, 1842, and they would have one surviving child, Robert Lincoln (â€Å"Abraham Lincoln†). With the passing of the Kansas Nebraska Act and the ruling of Scott vs Sanford, Abraham Lincoln s feelings towards the issue of slavery were even more

The Business of Art How its Becoming a Commodity

The Business of Art Throughout time, artists have yearned to make a living off of the work that they create. Artists have been both instigators and creators of many social and political ideas, sharing their thoughts and opinions through their work. Just like America strives to make itself known as a relatively new and independent country, new artists struggle to make themselves stand out among the older and more well-known artists. The delicate environment that maintains their source of ideas and creativity is at risk of being overcome by the business of art. In the controversy brewing over creativity in modern times, artists are going to have to select a side, and the structure of the artistic world as a whole rides on their choice.†¦show more content†¦The artist is now becoming wealthy, but they are not even creating art anymore. They are simply hashing out pieces as fast as they can, to get it on the market as soon as possible. The quality of art no longer determines its quality, but the identity of the painter does. For example, Poe argues in his essay The Poetic Principle†, that, â€Å"the simple fact is that would we but permit ourselves to look into our own souls we should immediately there discover that under the sun there neither exists nor can exist any work more thoroughly dignified, more supremely noble, than this very poem, this poem per se, this poem which is a poem and nothing more, this poem written solely for the poems sake. [Poe, 2] Poe is saying that art should be created and purchased for the sake of art, and not for status. People should buy art that speaks to them, and the money that the artist receives should be a compliment, not simply a business transaction. People often ask why artists don’t â€Å"just get a second job†. This is a curiously ignorant question, because wouldn’t people always want to work at a job that they love? Don’t people who love math want to become accountants or math teachers? Maybe people do not think of art as a real job. People who aren’t artistic might not be able to convey the pure freedom that art lends to people who love it. It’s the same rush that other people get from completing a complicated math problem, or finishing a glowing final paper.Show MoreRelatedArt Cinema As Institution, Screen, 22 ( 1981 )1597 Words   |  7 PagesNeale, S. (1981). Art cinema as institution, Screen, 22(1), 11-39. In Art Cinema as Institution, Steve Neale outlines the role of Art Cinema in the attempts made by various European countries both as a means to challenge ‘American domination of their indigenous markets in film† (p.11), and to further develop a film culture of their own. 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Normal Distribution Free Essays

Finda)P(Z gt; 2. 58),b)P(Z lt; -1),c)P(-1. 5 ( Z lt; 5) Ans : a) P( Z gt; 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Normal Distribution or any similar topic only for you Order Now 58) = 0. 0049 ( 4 decimal places) b) P ( Z lt; -1) = 0. 1587 ( 4 decimal places) c) P ( -1. 5? Z lt; 5) = P ( -1. 5 lt; Z lt; 5) = (0. 5- 0. 0668) + ( 0. 5 -0) = 0. 9332 ( 4 decimal places) 2. Find the value of z if the area under a Standard Normal curve a)to the right of z is 0. 3632; b)to the left of z is 0. 1131; c)between 0 and z, with z gt; 0, is 0. 4838; d)between -z and z, with z gt; 0, is 0. 9500. Ans : a) z = + 0. 35 ( find 0. 5- 0. 3632 = 0. 1368 in the normal table) b) z = -1. 1 ( find 0. 5 – 0. 1131 = 0. 3869 in the normal table) c ) the area between 0 to z is 0. 4838, z = 2. 14 d) the area to the right of +z = ( 1-0. 95)/2 = 0. 025, therefore z = 1. 96 3. Given the Normally distributed variable X with mean 18 and standard deviation 2. 5, find a)P(X lt; 15); b)the value of k such that P(X lt; k) = 0. 2236; c)the value of k such that P(X gt; k) = 0. 1814; d)P( 17 lt; X lt; 21). Ans : X ~ N ( 18, 2. 52) a) P ( X lt; 15) P ( Z lt; (15-18)/2. 5) = P ( Z lt; -1. 2) = 0. 1151 ( 4 decimal places) b) P ( X lt; k) = 0. 2236 P ( Z lt; ( k – 18) / 2. ) = 0. 2236 From normal table, 0. 2236 = -0. 76 (k-18)/2. 5 = – 0. 76, solve k = 16. 1 c) P (X gt; k) = 0. 1814 P ( Z gt; (k-18)/2. 5 ) = 0. 1814 From normal table, 0. 1814 = 0. 91 (k-18)/ 2. 5 = 0. 91, solve k = 20. 275 d) P ( 17 lt; X lt; 21) P ( (17 -18)/2. 5 lt; Z lt; ( 21-18)/2. 5) P ( -0. 4 lt; Z lt; 1. 2) = 0. 8849 – 0. 3446 = 0. 5403 ( 4 decimal places) 4. In a sample of 25 observations from a Normal Distribution with mean 98. 6 and standard deviation 17. 2, find: Ans: a) n = 25, [pic] = ( = 98. 6, [pic] = /n = 17. 2/(25 = 3. 44 [pic]( N (98. 6, 3. 442 ) Prob = P(92 lt; [pic] lt; 102) = P(92 lt; [pic] lt; 102) = P( (92-98. 6)/3. 44 lt; Z lt; (102-98. 6)/3. 44 ) = P( -1. 92 lt; Z lt; 0. 99) = 0. 8116 b)the corresponding probability given a sample of 36. Ans: b) n = 36, [pic] = ( = 98. 6, [pic] = /n = 17. 2/(36 = 2. 87 [pic]( N (98. 6, 2. 872 ) Prob = P(92 lt; [pic] lt; 102) = P(92 lt; [pic] lt; 102) = P( (92-98. 6)/2. 87 lt; Z lt; (102-98. 6)/2. 87 ) = P( -2. 30 lt; Z lt; 1. 19) = 0. 8723 ( * or 0. 8703 if rounding for 2. 87) 5. An X-ray technician is taking reading from her machine to ensure that it adheres to federal safety guidelines. She knows that the standard deviation of the amount of radiation emitted by the machine is 150 units, but she wants to take readings until the standard error of the sampling distribution is no higher than 25 units. How many reading should she take? Ans: Let X be the readings of radiation emitted by the machine. [pic] = /n = 150(n we want to find n such that 150/(n = [pic] ( 25 ( (n ( 6 ( n ( 36 She should take at least 36 readings. 6. Peter, researcher for a coffee corporation, is interested in determining the rate of coffee usage per household. He believes that yearly consumption per household is normally distributed with an unknown mean and a standard deviation of about 1. 25 pounds. a)If Peter takes a sample of 36 households and records their consumption of coffee for 1 year, what is the probability that the sample mean is within one-half pound of the population mean? Ans: Let X be the yearly consumption of coffee per household. n = 36, [pic]=( = ? , [pic] = /n = 1. 25(36 = 0. 2083 [pic]( N ([pic], 0. 20832 ) a)Prob = P(( – 0. 5 lt; [pic] lt; ( + 0. 5) = P(- 0. 5/[pic] lt; Z lt; 0. /[pic]) = P( -0. 5/0. 2083 lt; Z lt; 0. 5/0. 2083 ) = P( -2. 4 lt; Z lt; 2. 4) = 0. 9836 b)How large a sample must be taken in order to be 98 percent certain that the sample mean is within one-half pound of the population mean? Ans: n = ? ,[pic] = /n = 1. 25/(n P(( – 0. 5 lt; [pic] lt; ( + 0. 5) = 0. 98 ( P(-0. 5 lt; [pic]- ( lt; +0. 5) = 0. 98 ( P( -0. 5/1. 25/(n lt; Z lt; +0. 5/1. 25/(n ) = 0. 98 From Normal Table, we have P(-2. 33 lt; Z lt; 2. 33) = 0. 98 ( 0. 5/1. 25/(n = 2. 33 ( n = 33. 93 ( at least 34 households. How to cite Normal Distribution, Papers